干货 | GMAT数学高频考点-平均数
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GMAT 数学 ——平均数
平均数(arithmetic mean)是 GMAT 数学中算数部分的考点,也是考频相对较高的考点,今天就带同学们看一下这个知识点在 GMAT 数学考试中会如何考察。
首先我们先来看一下平均数的概念和计算方法:平均数是统计学中最常用的统计量,是表示一组数据集中趋势的量数,是指在一组数据中所有数据之和再除以 这组数据的个数,它是反映数据集中趋势的一项指标。
用平均数表示一组数据的情况,有直观、简明的特点,所以在日常生活中经常用到,如平均速度、平均身 高、平均产量、平均成绩等等。同学们需要重点掌握平均数的计算方法和性质,下面我们来看题目会如何考察,以下是选自 OG 的题目:
At a certain fruit stand, the price of each apple is 40 cents and the price of each orange is 60 cents. Mary selects a total of 10 apples and oranges from the fruit stand, and the average (arithmetic mean) price of the 10 pieces of fruit is 56 cents. How many oranges must Mary put back so that the average price of the pieces of fruit that she keeps is 52 cents?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5
看到 average 出现可以定位考点,这道题目考察数理统计-平均数,我们可以根 据题意列方程来做:假设玛丽原来选了 x 个橘子,后来放回去 y 个, 则玛丽选了 (10-x)个苹果。由题意可以得出 40(10-x)+60x=56*10; 40(10-x)+60(x-y) =52*(10-y),两个等式左右分别相减得出 60y=40+52y,求得 y=5,选到 E 选项。
再来看一道 OG 的题目进行巩固:
Last school year, each of the 200 students at a certain high school attended the school for the entire year. If there were 8 cultural performances at the school during the last school year, what was the average (arithmetic mean) number of students attending each cultural performance?
(1) Last school year, each student attended at least one cultural performance.
(2) Last school year, the average number of cultural performances attended per student was 4
A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient. E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
这是一道 data sufficiency,题目相当于让我们求平均每个节目学生人数。
单独看条件一,每个学生具体参加几个节目未知,所以单独不充分。单独看条件二,可求平均每个节目人数:200*4/8,所以条件二单独充分。
以上就是关于平均数这个知识点的同学们需要掌握的内容,同学们平时做题的时候也要注意对方法的总结和运用。
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