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Most attempts by physicists to send particles faster than the speed of light involve a remarkable phenomenon called quantum tunneling, in which particles travel through solid barriers that appear to be impenetrable. If you throw a ball at a wall, you expect it to bounce back, not to pass straight through it. Yet subatomic particles perform the equivalent feat. Quantum theory says that there is a distinct, albeit small, probability that such a particle will tunnel its way through a barrier; the probability declines exponentially as the thickness of the barrier increases. Though the extreme rapidity of quantum tunneling was noted as early as 1932, not until 1955 was it hypothesized—by Wigner and Eisenbud—that tunneling particles sometimes travel faster than light. Their grounds were calculations that suggested that the time it takes a particle to tunnel through a barrier increases with the thickness of the barrier until tunneling time reaches a maximum; beyond that maximum, tunneling time stays the same regardless of barrier thickness. This would imply that once maximum tunneling time is reached, tunneling speed will increase without limit as barrier thickness increases. Several recent experiments have supported this hypothesis that tunneling particles sometimes reach superluminal speed. According to measurements performed by Raymond Chiao and colleagues, for example, photons can pass through an optical filter at 1.7 times the speed of light.
【OG20-P460-607题】
The author of the passage mentions calculations about tunneling time and barrier thickness in order to
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分析A选项
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分析B选项
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分析C选项
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分析D选项
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分析E选项
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作用题
通过文章结构，我们知道计算tunneling time and barrier thickness是Wigner and Eisenbud’s hypothesis的根据，所以就是为了解释或者支持他们的假设。选E
A suggest that tunneling time is unrelated to barrier thickness
原文相反，文中是the time it takes a particle to tunnel through a barrier increases with the thickness of the barrier until tunneling time reaches a maximum，时间是跟厚度有关的，知道达到最大值
B explain the evidence by which Wigner and Eisenbud discovered the phenomenon of tunneling
原文不符，1932年就已经提出，1955年这两个人只是假设猜测了
C describe data recently challenged by Raymond Chiao and colleagues
原文相反。Raymond 也是支持W&E观点的
D question why particles engaged in quantum tunneling rarely achieve extremely high speeds
无涉及，全文的主旨都是在讨论为什么可以达到一个high speed,无涉及质疑
E explain the basis for Wigner and Eisenbud’s hypothesis
题目讨论 （7条评论）
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499685skw
W&E做的是假设，不是discovery
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2022-10-03 20:43:34
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180687pkqh
quantum theory - probability - particle tunnel through a barrier probability↓ - thickness of the barrier↑ 1932 noted 1955 hypothesized - W/E - tunneling particles > light [grounds - time(tunnel)↑thickness↑until time max (beyond max, time stays the same) - max time, speed↑without limit] recent experiments(C) - support
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2022-06-11 16:28:45
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Eve7200
这篇短文我分成了三个层次：1.什么是QT：（1）让particles超越光速；（2）让particles穿越看上去不可穿破的solid barriers ； （3）然后举了个例子让这个qt更明白易懂，这句话无关痛痒；2.QT理论内容：（1）会穿过的probability；（2）Thickness of the barrier ↑ --> P ↓; 3.QT直到1955才被WE正式提出: (1) Thickness of barrier ↑ --> time ↑--> time maximum: time stays the same --> speed ↑与thickness ↑无关；（2） Recent experiments support : ex: RC: photons’ speed 。 分层之后比较好做。首先定位第三层，目的题往前看，看这一层主要讲什么，就能找到 it hypothesized—by Wigner and Eisenbud—that tunneling particles sometimes travel faster than light.所以就是解释这个假说
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2021-10-07 23:50:27
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小火火火箭
主要是前面提到这两人提出的是假说，所以肯定没有实验的证据，而且ground和basis差不多
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2019-10-10 11:10:43
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700加我来辣
每一个单词我都认识，连起来都不知道是啥，是英语吗
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2019-09-10 14:45:22
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翁溢婷回复700加我来辣
来自三年以后的赞同
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2022-06-10 21:36:01
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玛德琳冲鸭
Their grounds were calculations that，这里的ground 就是basis的意思
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2019-08-16 19:51:21
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冲鸭冲鸭冲鸭
选项B, discovered错，文中W&E只是noted and hypothesized并没有discovered。还有。。。OG19 P425 answer key竟然有错误。。跟后面对应题的解析答案都不一样 迷
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2018-10-20 03:57:09
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