【OG20-P409-479题】The passage suggests that Paul Gilje would be most_OG17新题_-{$seo

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Historians remain divided over the role of banks in facilitating economic growth in the United States in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Some scholars contend that banks played a minor role in the nation's growing economy. Financial institutions, they argue, appeared only after the economy had begun to develop, and once organized, followed conservative lending practices, providing aid to established commercial enterprises but shunning those, such as manufacturing and transportation projects, that were more uncertain and capital-intensive (i.e., requiring greater expenditures in the form of capital than in labor).

A growing number of historians argue, in contrast, that banks were crucial in transforming the early national economy. When state legislatures began granting more bank charters in the 1790s and early 1800s, the supply of credit rose accordingly. Unlike the earliest banks, which had primarily provided short-term loans to well-connected merchants, the banks of the early nineteenth century issued credit widely. As Paul Gilje asserts, the expansion and democratization of credit in the early nineteenth century became the driving force of the American economy, as banks began furnishing large amounts of capital to transportation and industrial enterprises. The exception, such historians argue, was in the South; here, the overwhelmingly agrarian nature of the economy generated outright opposition to banks, which were seen as monopolistic institutions controlled by an elite group of planters.

【OG20-P409-479题】

The passage suggests that Paul Gilje would be most likely to agree with which of the following claims about the lending practices of the “earliest banks" ?

A

These lending practices were unlikely to generate substantial profits for banks. 分析A选项
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B

These lending practices only benefited a narrow sector of the economy. 分析B选项
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C

The restrictive nature of these lending practices generated significant opposition outside of the South. 分析C选项
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D

The restrictive nature of these lending practices forced state legislatures to begin granting more bank charters by the early nineteenth century. 分析D选项
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E

These lending practices were likely to be criticized by economic elites as being overly restrictive. 分析E选项
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当前版本由 Edward. 更新于2021-04-15 11:50:18 感谢由 Edward. 对此题目的解答所做出的贡献。

推断题

A：没提到能带来多少收入

B：well-connected merchants，表明早期银行服务受众小

C：与地域无关

D：没有因果关系

E：没提到经济学精英的态度

题目讨论（9条评论）

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贾思敏

题型：suggests 推理题视角：PG 推理的内容：PG在the lending practices of the “earliest banks" 的观点想法 PG相关观点： 1、the earliest banks provided short-term loans to well-connected merchants 2、（因为是unlike加earliest banks，所以the banks of the early nineteenth century有的，正是earliest bank缺少的）：issued credit narrowly 直接定位选项就是B：benefited a narrow sector 与 issue credit narrowly对应

3 0 回复 2021-09-29 23:22:31
358172hsa

A bank charter is an official document permitting a banking company to commence business as a bank

0 0 回复 2021-01-22 03:20:48
jamsmo

【E】criticized文章没有提及【B】完全就是同义改写。原文：Unlike the earliest banks..., the banks of the early nineteenth century issued credit widely.>>>反向推知最早的banks都是issued narrowly

0 0 回复 2020-11-13 22:45:01
蒋维鹏

(D)选项很有迷惑性，不是结构未提及。有提及但不是题干在原文中的定位，是之前的一句When state legislatures began granting more bank charters in the 1790s and early 1800s。这个选项很有迷惑性，但是属于定位混淆

1 0 回复 2020-10-29 14:23:43
342108no

E： as banks began furnishing large amounts of capital to transportation and industrial enterprises后来拓展的sector D: The restrictive nature of these lending practices forced state legislatures to 强加因果

0 0 回复 2019-11-12 11:04:56
847716opn

narrow sector=merchant

0 0 回复 2019-10-04 21:21:13
Mona0102

Paul是同意最后一句话的，所以他应该也是同意南方人的观点，认为银行是由精英控制的，只给经济带来了很小的帮助

0 0 回复 2019-09-23 21:49:36
卢不图

历史学家关于银行在促进经济增长的角色上有不同的观点层次一：一些学者认为：minor role 银行在增长上作用很小，解释原因——保守的借贷，只向商业企业借贷，避免资本密集型投资层次二：历史学家争论：银行在早期国民经济的转型中作用很大。对比早期银行（短期借款），19世纪早期的银行放大信贷及在其他产业投入资本以上历史学家认为然，南方是例外，银行在此被视为精英垄断的机构。

1 0 回复 2018-08-23 20:56:41
Natasha

题干KW：earliest banks（推断题）
定位：第二结构第2层次
错误答案特征：
A. substantial profits 层次未提及
C. South 层次定位混淆
D. bank charters 层次未提及
E. criticized 层次未提及。
正确选项特征：
B.是原文第二结构第二层次的同义转换
（2）Unlike the earliest banks, which had primarily provided short-term loans to well-connected merchants, the bank of the early nineteenth century issued credit widely.

0 0 回复 2016-09-20 11:52:41