【OG20-P459-606题】The author of the passage mentions "escape velocit_OG18新题_-{$seo

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When asteroids collide, some collisions cause an asteroid to spin faster others slow it down. If asteroids are all monoliths---single rocks---undergoing random collisions, a graph of their rotation rates should show a bell-shaped distribution with statistical "tails" of very fast and very slow rotators. If asteroids are rubble piles, however, the tail representing the very fast rotators would be missing, because any loose aggregate spinning faster than once every few hours (depending on the asteroid's bulk density) would fly apart. Researchers have discovered that all but five observed asteroids obey a strict limit on rate of rotation. The exceptions are all smaller than 200 meters in diameter, with an abrupt cutoff for asteroids larger than that.

The evident conclusion---that asteroids larger than 200 meters across are multicomponent structures or rubble piles---agrees with recent computer modeling of collisions, which also finds a transition at that diameter. A collision can blast a large asteroid to bits, but after the collision those bits will usually move slower than their mutual escape velocity. Over several hours, gravity will reassemble all but the fastest pieces into a rubble pile. Because collisions among asteroids are relatively frequent, most large bodies have already suffered this fate. Conversely, most small asteroids should be monolithic,because impact fragments easily escape their feeble gravity.

【OG20-P459-606题】

The author of the passage mentions "escape velocity" in order to help explain which of the following?

A

The tendency for asteroids to become smaller rather than larger over time 分析A选项
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B

The speed with which impact fragments reassemble when they do not escape an asteroid's gravitational attraction after a collision 分析B选项
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C

The frequency with which collisions among asteroids occur 分析C选项
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D

The rotation rates of asteroids smaller than 200 meters in diameter 分析D选项
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E

The tendency for large asteroids to persist after collisions 分析E选项
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当前版本由百香果蜂蜜茶更新于2017-08-09 17:02:11 感谢由百香果蜂蜜茶对此题目的解答所做出的贡献。

解题思路：定位在第二段绿色高亮的部分。原文说，速度变慢，后来被reassemble，即，为了说明大的小行星在撞击之后，如何保持，选e

A 没有说行星会变小而不是变大

B 不是在说再聚合的速度

C 不是在说撞击的频率

D 不是为了说明直径小于200的行星转速

E 正确

题目讨论（10条评论）

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499685skw

目的是为了说明后面会合并成rubble pile，也就是E选项 -- how would large asteriods presis after collisions.

0 0 回复 2022-10-03 20:40:51
499685skw回复499685skw

乍一看B选项好像也是对的，但是原句“Over several hours, gravity will reassemble all but the fastest pieces into a rubble pile.”并没有说是speed在影响gravity，所以这里是一个陷阱。（更有可能的事gravity会影响speed，但这个也没有明确的在原文中描述）

0 0 回复 2022-10-04 11:10:23

Seeyouth

A. The tendency for asteroids to become smaller rather than larger over time
This answer gives general info of what happens after a collision. But it does not refer to escape velocity. Hence wrong answer.

B. The speed with which impact fragments reassemble when they do not escape an asteroid's gravitational attraction after a collision
This seems correct. But there is flaw. Escape velocity is speed of the asteroid above which bits may move outside. It is not the speed which impacts reassemble. Hence wrong answer.

C. The frequency with which collisions among asteroids occur
Out of scope. There is no discussions regarding frequency of collisions.

D. The rotation rates of asteroids smaller than 200 meters in diameter
There is no info regarding rotation rates in this context. Hence wrong answer.

E. The tendency for large asteroids to persist after collisions
If the bits moved FASTER than their mutual escape velocity, then the bits would "escape" from each other and the large asteroid would remain blown to bits.
However, if the bits move SLOWER than their mutual escape velocity, the bits will not escape from each other and, instead, will reassemble due to gravity. Thus, after being blown to bits, most of the bits of the large asteroid will reassemble, explaining the tendency for large asteroids to persist after collisions. (E) is the correct choice.

0 回复 2021-08-17 01:07:32

217523uujb

A. The tendency for asteroids to become smaller rather than larger over time
This answer gives general info of what happens after a collision. But it does not refer to escape velocity. Hence wrong answer.
B. The speed with which impact fragments reassemble when they do not escape an asteroid's gravitational attraction after a collision
This seems correct. But there is flaw. Escape velocity is speed of the asteroid above which bits may move outside. It is not the speed which impacts reassemble. Hence wrong answer.
C. The frequency with which collisions among asteroids occur
Out of scope. There is no discussions regarding frequency of collisions.
D. The rotation rates of asteroids smaller than 200 meters in diameter
There is no info regarding rotation rates in this context. Hence wrong answer.

E. The tendency for large asteroids to persist after collisions
If the bits moved FASTER than their mutual escape velocity, then the bits would "escape" from each other and the large asteroid would remain blown to bits.
However, if the bits move SLOWER than their mutual escape velocity, the bits will not escape from each other and, instead, will reassemble due to gravity. Thus, after being blown to bits, most of the bits of the large asteroid will reassemble, explaining the tendency for large asteroids to persist after collisions. (E) is the correct choice.

0 回复 2021-01-09 23:42:01

Mariposa爱学习

Over several hours, gravity will reassemble all but the fastest pieces into a rubble pile. Because collisions among asteroids are relatively frequent, most large bodies have already suffered this fate. 仔细读这句话，感受作者想说什么大行星被撞击变成碎片，撞击后碎片移动慢，最后引力把它们整合，飞的最快的碎片会变成碎石堆，很多大行星都遭受了这个命运所以作者想说的是很多大行星也是经历了撞击了，现在也还都在

0 0 回复 2020-11-14 17:19:03
571661zxzq

文章没有讲reassemble（聚合）的速度，讲的是collision之后，bits 的速度小于escape velocity的速度，导致了gravity reassemble them to rubble piles。这里从来没有提及reassemble的速度到底是多少，而且escape velocity 不等同于reassemble的速度，所以b选项：The speed with which impact fragments reassemble= impact fragments reassemble with the speed 是错的。

2 0 回复 2020-08-04 08:40:06
288327yjof

原文不是还说了速度快的不会被reassemble 吗，那这样不就回越来越小了？

0 0 回复 2019-12-12 11:37:21
Carmen678回复 288327yjof

这题不是推理题，如果问你文中的statement能得出什么结论的话这选项就行，但是这里是问作用，作者提到这个点是为了说明什么，这个是要在文中找的，也就是要在这个点之后的地方找作者的目的

1 0 回复 2020-01-01 16:50:18

175115uybpy回复288327yjof

我也是这样想的……直接自信选A了……

0 0 回复 2020-11-22 18:45:12

旮旮回复288327yjof

原文说的是gravity resemble，而不是speed

0 0 回复 2021-10-30 11:02:39
冲鸭750

After collision

0 0 回复 2019-01-30 19:59:14
1123

这个题问的是escape velocity帮助解释了什么，而不是说EV其本身是什么。那么，结合关键词前后的句子得知，一些bits通常会移动的比较慢，因此几个小时之后，地球引力就会重组所有移动得慢的bits成为rubble pile，也就是large asteroids。这就是选项large asteroids persists的改写。

0 0 回复 2018-11-21 11:18:03
194888hphm回复1123

这应该说的不是地球的引力，应该是小行星自身的引力

0 0 回复 2020-07-08 13:46:03
ZoeyYoung

B.仔细读B. The speed (with which) impact fragment reassemble when they do not escape an asteroid's gravitational attraction after a collision.这是在说受影响的碎片聚合在一起并不在逃离重力吸引力的速度，也就是聚合速度，但文章中并没有提到这一点，只是提到这些小块状不会再分离了，并没有说道下一步聚合。聚合这个过程是在下一句中才提到 E.文章中问的是escape velocity在原文中的作用，那么看这个句子，说明的是撞击后‘those bits will usually move slower than their mutual escape velocity.’所以这里的escape velocity想说的是这些小块状比escape velocity慢，趋于稳定，也就是E选项。

0 0 回复 2018-09-06 13:00:30
Chongdi

上句大概意思是小行星炸成了bits，下句是用小行星的gravity把bits给reassemble起来，那这句就应该是保持，逻辑是炸出bits——bits保持——再把bits重组回来。B就错在“重组的速度”，人家明明在保持，下句才重组，B就开始说重组的速度了。

1 0 回复 2018-09-06 10:53:31