【OG20-P444-566题】Which of the following can be inferred from the pa_OG16_-{$seo

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Frazier and Mosteller assert that medical research could be improved by a move toward larger, simpler clinical trials of medical treatments. Currently, researchers collect far more background information on patients than is strictly required for their trials-substantially more than hospitals collect-thereby escalating costs of data collection, storage, and analysis. Although limiting information collection could increase the risk that researchers will overlook facts relevant to a study, Frazier and Mosteller contend that such risk, never entirely eliminable from research, would still be small in most studies. Only in research on entirely new treatments are new and unexpected variables likely to arise.

Frazier and Mosteller propose not only that researchers limit data collection on individual patients but also that researchers enroll more patients in clinical trials, thereby obtaining a more representative sample of the total population with the disease under study. Often researchers restrict study participation to patients who have no ailments besides those being studied. A treatment judged successful under these ideal conditions can then be evaluated under normal conditions. Broadening the range of trial participants, Frazier and Mosteller suggest, would enable researchers to evaluate a treatment's efficacy for diverse patients under various conditions and to evaluate its effectiveness for different patient subgroups. For example, the value of a treatment for a progressive disease may vary according to a patient's stage of disease. Patients' ages may also affect a treatment’s efficacy.

【OG20-P444-566题】

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a study of the category of patients referred to in highlight text?

A

Its findings might have limited applicability. 分析A选项
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B

It would be prohibitively expensive in its attempt to create ideal conditions. 分析B选项
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C

It would be the best way to sample the total population of potential patients. 分析C选项
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D

It would allow researchers to limit information collection without increasing the risk that important variables could be overlooked. 分析D选项
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E

Its findings would be more accurate if it concerned treatments for a progressive disease than if it concerned treatments for a non-progressive disease 分析E选项
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当前版本由 ya**** 更新于2015-11-09 18:02:06 感谢由 ya**** 对此题目的解答所做出的贡献。

由文中信息可知：现在的研究者经常将研究对象限制在那些除了患有正在研究的病之外没有其他疾患的病人，而F和M认为应该扩大病人的样本。由此可知，此种研究方法有一些局限性
A正确，limited applicability符合解题思路
B错误，与expensive无关
C错误，best过于极端
D错误，风险是第一段的内容
E错误，progressive disease是文章末句的内容

题目讨论（8条评论）

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457073zzee

这题要再往后看两句：A treatment judged successful under these ideal conditions can then be evaluated under normal conditions. 这里说了这个在理想条件下证明成功的treatment可用在常规条件下。Broadening the range of trial participants, Frazier and Mosteller suggest, would enable researchers to evaluate a treatment's efficacy for diverse patients under various conditions and to evaluate its effectiveness for different patient subgroups.接着又说了F和M的proposal的扩大range的方法，可以evaluate不同condition下的不同的病人。所以原来的那个treatment就是有局限，仅局限于正常condition，选A

0 0 回复 2022-08-01 16:57:35
275476gao

这里牵扯到一个很有意思的哲学观点，“头痛医头，脚痛医脚”，研究者们（老派做法）就是控制了这种变量，以一个理想（一般）的状况推广到现实（特殊）的状况之中。 F和M这俩人就是不同意这种老派做法（本文就是新老观点的交锋），F和M就是说要扩大样本空间，变量越多越能针对各种特殊情况，而不至于太过局限。

0 0 回复 2022-06-18 19:57:40

194888hphm

弗雷泽和莫斯蒂勒断言，医学研究可以通过向更大、更简单的医疗临床试验的方向发展而得到改进。目前，研究人员收集的患者背景信息远远超过试验严格要求的数量——远远超过医院收集的数量——因此增加了数据收集、存储和分析的成本。Frazier和Mosteller认为，尽管限制信息收集可能会增加研究者忽视与研究相关事实的风险，但这种永远无法从研究中完全消除的风险在大多数研究中仍然很小。只有在研究全新的治疗方法时，才可能出现新的和意想不到的变数。
Frazier和Mosteller不仅建议研究人员限制对个体患者的数据收集，而且建议研究人员在临床试验中招募更多的患者，从而在研究的疾病总人群中获得更具代表性的样本。研究人员通常将参与研究的患者限制在除了被研究对象之外没有其他疾病的患者。在这些理想条件下判断成功的治疗可以在正常条件下进行评估。Frazier和Mosteller建议，扩大试验参与者的范围，将使研究人员能够评估一种疗法对不同条件下不同患者的疗效，并评估其对不同患者亚群的疗效。例如，进行性疾病的治疗价值可能因病人的疾病阶段而异。患者的年龄也会影响治疗的效果。

0 回复 2020-07-04 08:52:36

746860xgow

A的limited applicability 直接对应下文FM的various conditions。FM的观点和题干中的旧方法study相反。FM的新方法可以适用于various conditions, 说明了旧方法study就不能适用于various conditions。此题排除法也可以快速做对

1 0 回复 2020-05-21 08:42:35
你这只猪

没有转折词，真的是不好判断

1 0 回复 2020-02-20 15:52:01
847716opn

定位不准

0 0 回复 2019-09-27 09:04:25
是Emma呀

请问这句话在这干嘛呢 A treatment judged successful under these ideal conditions can then be evaluated under normal conditions. 看不懂这句话的态度放这里干嘛

0 0 回复 2019-03-22 18:42:45
ZC123回复是Emma呀

想表达的意思是这些花里胡哨的检验手段可以在正常情况下被判断，也就是说他们收集这么多资料是多余的。反驳过多的收集资料

0 0 回复 2020-01-30 16:04:48
空杯心澄

不选E的原因，虽然E与高亮句子貌似有联系，实际上此处应该是找与高亮句紧密联系的句子，即前一句或者后一句来看看，然后呢，明显发现此题的高亮不是链接上句的，再往后看看，咦~原来是和后面的句子联系紧密呀！

0 0 回复 2016-03-28 23:23:14
哈哈1996回复空杯心澄

同意。后两句说： Broadening the range of trial participants, Frazier and Mosteller suggest, would enable researchers to evaluate a treatment's efficacy for diverse patients under various conditions and to evaluate its effectiveness for different patient subgroups. 扩大实验参与者的范围可以使得实验结果有更广的应用因此相反，缩小实验参与者的范围，会使得实验结果的应用性受限Its findings might have limited applicability.

0 0 回复 2018-09-19 18:14:30