Manatees, aquatic mammals inhabiting Florida’s rivers and coastal waters, swim close to the surface and are frequently killed in collisions答案解析-雷哥GMAT

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Manatees, aquatic mammals inhabiting Florida’s rivers and coastal waters, swim close to the surface and are frequently killed in collisions with boats. To address the problem, boat traffic in manatee-populated waters is being required to maintain very low speeds. Unfortunately, manatees are unable to hear low-pitched sounds and a boat’s sound lowers in pitch as the boat slows. Therefore, this approach may in fact make things worse rather than better.

Which of the following, if true, casts most doubt on the conclusion?

A

The areas where boats would have to maintain low speeds were decided partly on the basis of manatee-population estimates and partly from numbers of reported collisions between manatees and boats.
分析A选项
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B

Because the water hyacinth that manatees feed on grows best in water that is nearly still, water hyacinth beds can be disturbed or damaged by fast-moving boat traffic.
分析B选项
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C

Over the last several decades, boat traffic in Florida’s coastal waters has been increasing almost continuously and now represents the greatest threat to the endangered manatee population.
分析C选项
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D

The sound of a boat engine generally travels much further under water than it does through the air.
分析D选项
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E

When experimenters exposed manatees to the recorded sounds of boats moving at various speeds, the creatures were unable to discern the sounds over normal background noise.
分析E选项
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当前版本由 01**** 更新于2016-01-15 10:50:03 感谢由 01**** 对此题目的解答所做出的贡献。

目的：降低海牛因撞船而死亡的几率从而保护海牛
方法：降低船速
因为：海牛无法听到低声波的声音
所以：此方法无法减少海牛死亡从而无效问削弱
A 该区域限制不限制船行速度取决于海牛的密度及事故发生率无关
B 有关海牛食物会遭到破坏无关
C 过去几十年海牛撞船案急剧上升成为威胁海牛的最大威胁无关
D 声音在水中会传播的更远，对比在空气中，因为海牛根本听不到低音，所以无效
E 实验证明海牛对所有的声音摄入都无反应。则结论所提出的因为声音降低海牛无法识别，根本就是不成了的。削弱

题目讨论（17条评论）

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小良冠二郎

e選項的確比b選項有更加明確的因果關係。

0 回复 2023-02-28 13:22:09

265824vxdg

解析这个e选项理解错了吧

0 0 回复 2022-08-11 16:12:47

sql

b可以削弱 对m造成伤害。 但是题目要求的是削弱 因碰撞对m造成的的伤害，所以e更合适

0 回复 2022-06-05 14:24:26

222505qxdg

归因措施题，攻击该类型措施题时攻击归因，归因不成立时措施自动失效。

0 回复 2021-10-06 09:41:31

Dora6688

文章的逻辑是 boats的traffic使得经常在水面活动的Manatees和船发生碰撞导致Manatees死亡，为了减少碰撞的发生，所以plan是减慢船的速度。也就是说argument认为船行进的太快了是导致碰撞发生的原因之一。但是不幸的是，船减速会导致声音减弱，Manatees听不到船的声音了，argument认为Manatees听不到船的声音会导致碰撞不会减少，甚至会更多（情况变得更糟）。也就是说argument在这里又assumes船的声音也是影响碰撞的因素之一。题目要求削弱，也就是说 让船减速这个plan不会让情况变得更糟（可能跟之前一样，或者情况变得更好）。gap的判断方向通常来说是应该是说让船减速这个plan对减少碰撞这个目的的好处。但是这个题目因为后面又出来一个gap，是关于船的声音对碰撞的影响的，所以另外一个gap的方向可以说 Manatees听不到这个船的声音所带来的好处，或者是说船的声音根本不会影响到碰撞，也就是说plan不会让情况变得更糟。一开始选了B，但是后来一想，B 是说 快速的船 会伤害Manatees的食物，但是没说慢速的船就不会伤害；E就是排除了声音对碰撞的影响。此时此刻想到之前一个冬季捕猎动物的题目，题目大致是说某种动物数量太多了影响了其他的动物或者生态（记不清了），反正就是要减少这个动物的数量。然后政府出台了一个政策，是说取消对捕猎季中对捕猎数量的限制的政策，从而达到增加捕猎数量减少某种动物数量的目的。题目问削弱，就是说这个政府的这个取消限制的plan不咋有用，正确选项则是说 因为这个对捕猎数量限制的政策导致捕猎季比预期提前结束的情况已经很多年没有发生了，也就是说这个政策对捕猎的数量的多少早就不咋有用了，从而说明政府的举措达不到目的。

0 回复 2021-01-02 21:19:22

715007m

原文采取降低船速的方法来防止海牛被撞，保护海牛。船的声音随着减速也会减小。不幸的是海牛无法听到低沉的声音。结论：这个方法会使情况比原来更糟糕。
问削弱，即这个方法不会使情况更糟糕（没啥影响or 保护的更好）。
A. 限制船速由什么决定的。无关。
B.海牛食物。题目主要讨论的是船和海牛碰撞的问题，跟食物无关。
C.过去20年，船和海牛相撞是最大威胁。跟降低船速无关。
D.声音在水中传的更远。没提船速，以及对海牛的影响。
E.实验表明，暴露在不同船速的声音中，海牛都区分不出来船的声音和背景噪音。说明声音大小对海牛压根没啥影响。船速降低，起不了什么作用，该撞到海牛还是会撞到。不会让情况更糟糕，削弱了原结论。

0 回复 2020-12-19 21:10:02

540433e

这道题思路很奇怪，原文的conclusion是：这个方法会使情况更糟而不是更好。也就是说海牛和船只相撞的情况更糟而不是更好，那就要找能够判断海牛和船只相撞的表述了，只有D说的是船只以多种速度运动，海牛都分不清声音，那就是说这个方法不会让情况更糟，削弱了结论。

0 回复 2020-04-02 09:20:41

276901052

1.降低船只速度，音频降低
2.海牛数量不会减少
答案：E.不同音频不会对海牛来说都一样——海牛数量不变（搭桥）
A C D是无关选项直接排除
B的话影响的是海牛的食物 不直接影响海牛 所以不如E

0 回复 2019-04-20 05:40:05

大吉大利杀鸡成功

我似乎明白了关键反的是worse这个结论吧，这个答案的意思应该是为了证明其实这个方法没用但是不会更糟也不会更好，也就是说维持原来的水平吧。换句话说，也就是说 结论是x<1 但是你要证明x>=1就行了，这个就是x=1的结论

0 回复 2019-01-18 11:44:12

188264ttqj回复大吉大利杀鸡成功

不对，是x＞1，因为等于是说速度下降这个方法是不受别的因素影响的

0 0 回复 2020-07-19 18:40:50

Rofinia

worse than better
削弱
不会worse--没影响

0 回复 2018-09-17 14:31:05

干死gmat

E这不是削弱premise么，没管结论的事儿。。。

0 回复 2018-09-06 17:08:48

考到770不是梦

因果推理……因为听不到，所以事故会更多
CQ1：因本身有问题变化导致c不对
CQ2：因果reasoning有问题。
e直接命中cq1.
b想多了。b说的是speed快的时候的带来的影响。现在speed慢了不会有食物的影响了。但是完全没提boat杀m这个事故的变化，属于超出范围。

0 回复 2018-09-03 16:13:15

心有林夕

remember to pay attention to the specific requirements of the question.

here, you are asked to 'cast doubt on the conclusion'.
in this argument, 'the conclusion' is about how the number of manatees killed in collisions with boats might be affected by different boat speeds.
the problem with choice B is that it has no bearing on this reasoning.

in other words:
• you're supposed to show that the conclusion itself might be wrong (= that slower boats might hit manatees just as often as faster ones).
• choice B doesn't do that. choice B is more like 'okay, that reasoning is totally valid, BUT here's another factor that might concurrently work the other way'.

0 回复 2018-08-06 20:53:56

LOL666

WTF。。。

0 0 回复 2018-01-05 16:35:52
糖糖要加油回复LOL666

+1

0 0 回复 2018-01-17 19:47:11

suzy

推理模式：方案推理
目标：减低海牛死亡率
方案：boat traffic in manatee-populated waters is being required to maintain very low speeds
前提：unable to hear low-pitched sounds
结论： make things worse rather than better.
问削弱 找选项，抓住方案
 A
The areas where boats would have to maintain low speeds were decided partly on the basis of manatee-population estimates and partly from numbers of reported collisions between manatees and boats.提到了the areas怎么着，没提方案
 B
Because the water hyacinth that manatees feed on grows best in water that is nearly still, water hyacinth beds can be disturbed or damaged by fast-moving boat traffic.提到了water hyacinth怎么样，没提到方案
 C
Over the last several decades, boat traffic in Florida’s coastal waters has been increasing almost continuously and now represents the greatest threat to the endangered manatee population. 提到了boat traffic怎么样，没提方案
 D
The sound of a boat engine generally travels much further under water than it does through the air. 涉及方案，但是前提是海牛不能听到low-pitched sound，所以聊瓢了啊
 E
When experimenters exposed manatees to the recorded sounds of boats moving at various speeds, the creatures were unable to discern the sounds over normal background noise.涉及方案，削弱worse的结论。（也就是说听不到，这个方案不会更好也不会更坏）

0 回复 2017-11-01 09:44:29