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The Earth’s rivers constantly carry dissolved salts into its oceans. Clearly, therefore, by taking the resulting increase in salt levels in the oceans over the past hundred years and then determining how many centuries of such increases it would have taken the oceans to reach current salt levels from a hypothetical initial salt-free state, the maximum age of the Earth’s oceans can be accurately estimated.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
分析A选项
分析B选项
分析C选项
分析D选项
分析E选项
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地球上的河流输送源源不断的溶解盐到大海里。因此，通过计算几百年的海洋中含盐量的增加程度，就可以计算出从最初没有盐的状态到现在的盐浓度所需要的时间。从而估算出海洋的年龄。
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A The quantities of dissolved salts deposited by rivers in the Earth's oceans have not been unusually large during the past hundred years. 在过去的几百年里，河流运送到海洋里的盐量没有明显的增加，就是说每天运送到海里的量是差不多的。取非，如果有几年特别的大， 那么他增加的平均浓度就比较大，那么在进行估算时，可能就估算小了。比如：5 5 4 5；5 8 5 5.
B At any given time, all the Earth's rivers have about the same salt levels. 任何时候，海洋里的盐含量是一样的。取非，就算每条河的盐度不一样，但是当它们汇集到海里的时候都是一样的，就是说只看总的含盐量，因为计算海洋年龄的时候是看总的盐度的。
C There are salts that leach into the Earth's oceans directly from the ocean floor. 盐从海底直接过滤到海洋里，无关选项
D There is no method superior to that based on salt levels for estimating the maximum age of the Earth's oceans. 没有比用盐含量来估算年龄更好的办法了，无关选项
E None of the salts carried into the Earth's oceans by rivers are used up by biological activity in the oceans. 没有盐被海洋生物耗尽了。我们在测算的时候已经包括这个部分了。没有盐会被海中生物使用掉。与用这个速度推算年龄无关。因为如果有生物消耗盐，年年如此，其实对有史以来海洋盐量的影响是没有的，因为测试速度时，是这个情况，历史上也是这个情况，那么这个影响就可以忽略，不影响最大年龄的估算。
173319sxbh
不能理解A
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2023-04-30 23:50:46
怿小蕾
觉得A的解释可能不太对..? 觉得应该是：如果有几年特别的大， 那么在进行估算时，可能就估算大了。 是吗？
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2021-11-30 18:35:39
怿小蕾回复怿小蕾
确实是小了 当时好像想错了
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2021-12-16 00:27:54
165105ld
我以为E的情况是某一年人类突然开始吃盐了然后盐量暴跌
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2020-12-06 15:15:03
Hanuman
E太阴陷了。。。
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2018-09-10 12:21:03
发呆的夜之亡魂
分析的B没问题吧？B选项说的是任何时候，河流的盐分一直是一样的，和流入海洋的无关
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2018-07-17 17:10:26
braybray
题目问这样的计算方法怎么样才能更有说服力？ 目前的逻辑链中有 一开始的含盐量为0 经过多年的沉淀 可以算出含盐总量，每年增量来估计海洋年龄 A选项说明 每一年河流到海洋沉淀的含盐量是基本恒定的 没有太大的变化 所以把这个条件填充进逻辑链可以加强最后结论的可信度
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2018-05-03 20:09:07
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