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【OG20-P584-684题】
Petrochemical industry officials have said that the extreme pressure exerted on plant managers during the last five years to improve profits by cutting costs has done nothing to impair the industry's ability to operate safely. However, environmentalists contend that the recent rash of serious oil spills and accidents at petrochemical plants is traceable to cost-cutting measures.
Which of the following, if true, would provide the strongest support for the position held by industry officials?
分析A选项
分析B选项
分析C选项
分析D选项
分析E选项
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题型：provide the strongest support for... 加强题
加强的内容：the position held by industry officials（industry officials的观点）或者从另一角度来看是削弱题，他因削弱了environmentalists的观点
方法：搭桥加强 或 排他加强
逻辑链：cost-cutting measures（plant）- operate safely
A. The petrochemical industry benefits if accidents do not occur. 如果不发生事故，石油化工厂会获益。这是探讨事故对获利的影响，而我们是在探讨cost-cutting measures对事故和安全问题有没有影响，无关。
B. 核心部分：but the unions readily abandoned those demands in exchange for job security 为了保障工作job security，保住饭碗，放弃对安全措施和环保措施方面加大资金投入。就是说工厂为了cut cost减低成本而牺牲了安全，削弱结论，方向反了。
C. 近五年和过去五年相比，尽管工厂cut了most other areas of operation其他领域的开支，但是在环保和安全措施上反而投入了更多的资源。也就是说这个cost-cutting measures削减的是除了safe安全性以外的其他一些运行成本，所以environmentalists说的这些accident根本就跟cost-cutting measures无关，他因削弱了environmentalist的结论，也感觉是搭桥，加入了major cutbacks in most other areas of operation，增强了officials的结论。
D. 虚拟语气，if cost-cutting measures had not been instituted, the most damaging of the recent oil spills would have been prevented 如果这个mesures没有建立起来的话，这些accidents就可以避免，那不就是说你这些mesures就是会导致accidents咯，不就是反驳了officials的结论，削弱，方向反了。
E. oil spill使得工厂去加大对预防石油泄漏的投入，也就是说明了之前的投入少嘛，cost-cutting measures这个cut掉了关于安全方面的投入，所以才导致accident（oil spill），所以后期才要去increase the resources devoted to oil-spill prevention，削弱officials的结论，方向反了。
Josiechen302
请问 last five years 和 the preceding five years 有啥区别吗？ 不都是过去五年的意思吗？
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2022-05-16 14:06:14
改错归正回复Josiechen302
在last 5 years之前的5年
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2022-10-01 10:22:34
JackMousa
我不信只有我一个人把题读错了2333
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2022-03-08 22:45:56
Mariposa爱学习
has done nothing to impair the industry's ability to operate safely没有削弱工厂安全运营的能力
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2020-11-19 16:07:07
158706lvuy
找到oil spills and accidents的真正原因
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2020-09-21 21:58:11
哩哩
官员观点：消减成本的pressure没有威胁工厂安全 所以正确选项应该要体现成本削减与安全之间的关系 C：工厂虽然削减成本，但同时在提升安全措施——直接增强
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2020-04-18 09:48:51
emily666
看了答案又觉得很对，自己做吧五个选项都在眼前迷糊
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2020-03-27 16:02:30
又大又圆肉包打狗后没了
找一个选项说明节约措施与安全问题无关：C选项Despite major cutbacks一看就长得像正确答案
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2019-11-21 10:52:43
浪逐曲奇
厂官认为，削减成本没有损害安全运营能力。环境主义者认为最近的事故就是降成本导致的。我觉得可以从两方面想，期待大家批评建议。一方面，要增强厂官，原来又有环者反驳厂官，那么就削弱环者的反驳，事故发生不是因为降成本损害了安全运营能力。另一方面，不看环者，只看厂官，能不能这样想我也不清楚，直接说并没有影响安全运营能力，安全方面没有比过去差。
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2019-08-21 20:01:36
huang642
解析里的E, 意思和选项好像不太对？
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2019-05-09 01:45:26
justdoso777
据了解
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2019-03-16 17:35:54
卢不图
影响关系：官员（cutting costs 不影响 ability to operate safely), 环保人士（cost cutting measure 导致了 accident 和 oil spills ），支持官员
即解释为何减少支出并不影响行业安全（可引入他因）
石油化学产品工厂工作人员曾说，在过去的5年里通过减少支出来提高利润，对工厂经理造成的极度压力没有去影响该行业安全运营的能力。然而，环境保护论者争论最近大量的泄漏和工厂事故可以认为是成本削减措施的后果。
A 如果没有发生事故，石油化工行业将收益，因为事故牵扯到员工受伤的风险和设备产品的损失。——无关讨论，未问为何收益
B 石油化工行业联盟最近要求在安全和环境保护措施上需要额外的费用，但是该联盟轻易地放弃那些要求以换取工作安全 ——无关讨论，引入联盟（无关内容）
C 除了在大多数操作的其他领域的主要削减（尽管在其他经营领域石油化工行业大幅削减），相比于以前的5年，过去的5年，石油化工行业已经投入了更多的资源在环境和安全措施上——正确项，直接增强
D 证据表明如果不采取成本削减措施，最近石油泄漏中最主要伤害（最具破坏性）的部分可以避免 ——逻辑方向相反，题目要证明为何削减成本不会影响安全经营，此项表明削减成本的坏处是导致了安全事故
E 由最近一次石油泄漏所引起的巨额罚款和负面效应促进了石油化工行业增加它投入于避免泄漏的资源。——跳出谈论范畴，引入了罚款和负面效应无关内容，该项的逻辑链是成本削减导致石油泄漏从而引起罚款和负面效应，从而石油化工行业增加其资源在避免泄漏（环境保护）上，就不会对安全经营造成影响。而该题要证明的是成本削减本就不会导致安全影响，过度推理，错。
做题步骤：
1.看题，分析逻辑关系，划定逻辑范畴（成本削减、环境保护），判断题型——此题为增强题，两者关系（成本削减和安全事故）
2.分析为两者还是三者，三者（归纳or 演绎），两者（分析为直接还是间接）——正确为C，直接补充，即虽然削减了其他领域的支出，但是在环境安全保护领域增加了资源的投入（直接增强）。
3.排除无关选项
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2019-03-06 20:41:42
AUCHUI
结论说的是cost和ability，而不是cost和safety的关系。这样来看 就容易选一些。
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2018-12-07 16:42:32
Prince750
D选项后面是if的倒装句
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2018-08-29 20:54:23
林艾玛回复Prince750
是把if省略了吗
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2019-02-01 15:06:15
escpgmat
不认识 看不懂
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2018-07-20 13:43:22
dongspark
单词问题
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2018-03-27 15:49:13
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