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Industrialization and modern methods of insect control have improved the standard of living around the globe while at the same time they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants, having gone virtually unregulated since they were developed more than 50 years ago.
分析A选项
分析B选项
分析C选项
分析D选项
分析E选项
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句子结构：Industrialization and modern methods… have improved… while introducing…
主语是Industrialization and modern methods，谓语是have improved，宾语是the standard，后跟时间状语从句while + 现在分词，that引导定语从句修饰名词pollutants。
考点：指代一致、句子结构
指代一致，相同的代词在同一句子中指代对象必须一致，所以当出现两个选项一个有代词，一个没有代词，需要比较代词是否有指代错误或重复。
句子结构
1） while + 现在分词表达时间状语的方式；
2） 出现and连接并列结构时要注意其语法上的并列对象与逻辑意思是否相符。
(A) 整个句子中的两个代词they指代对象不一致，划线部分they没有指代对象，未划线部分的they指代的是pollutants；having gone…分词结构有作伴随状语修饰have introduced的歧义，而不是作pollutants的定语。
(B) 正确，while + 现在分词结构表示“与…同时”的含义；that引导定语从句修饰紧临的名词pollutants。
(C) 整个句子中的两个代词they指代对象不一致，原因与A选项相同；and have gone…在语法上应该与主语谓语have improved并列，但在逻辑上应该是指pollutants，这种用法是错误的。
(D) but + 现在分词的用法错，而且but表达的是转折含义，原句并无此含义。
(E) but表达了与原句不同的转折含义，having gone…分词结构有作伴随状语修饰have introduced的歧义，而不是作pollutants的定语。
当前版本由 hoho 更新于2017-03-10 11:02:00 感谢由 hoho 对此题目的解答所做出的贡献。 原句句子结构：Industrialization and modern methods have improved the standard
While they have introduced some pollutants,
having gone virtually unregulated...
原句表达逻辑语义：工业化和现代对昆虫的控制方法已经提高了全球生物的水平，然后同时他们（工业化和方法）也引进了100000中危险的污染物，伴随着朝着未被确认的自从他们至少在50年以前被发展。
A. 原句语义不清楚；having done做状语修饰，修饰不合理；
B. 句中的while+doing对；这些pollutants没有被确认；that have gone 放在pollutants后面，就近修饰；
C.，which 就近修饰time，语义不合理；
D. 同D,THAT就近修饰time
E. 同A
满心如愿
看句尾，感觉最后应该是一个完整的句子（定语从句），排除AE 根据句意，排除C 再根据就近修饰原则，选择B
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2022-08-18 10:06:41
Teresasa
“，ing”形式 1.前面是名词时，ing修饰前面名词 2.前面是从句时，ing修饰前面从句的主语。 这里后面应该修饰pollutants，但having的用法有修饰industrialization 和methods的嫌疑，有歧义，排除AE at the same time修饰introduce，离修饰对象越近的好，排除CD
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2021-10-16 14:51:04
Yosemeen
随后搬运GMAT Club A. while at the same time they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants, having - Having gone virtually unregulated introduces a cause-effect scenario, but there is no such cause and effect relationship here. E.g. He felt sick, having eaten too much. B. while at the same time introducing some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants that have - This is grammatically correct. The Simple Present introducing is used here in order to show that the pollutants can still be introduced. The methods in question are not done introducing pollutants, they are still capable of introducing pollutants. C. while they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants at the same time, which have - Changes the meaning by misplacing "at the same time". Also "which" incorrectly modifies time instead of pollutants D. but introducing some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants at the same time that have - Changes the meaning like C because of the placement of "at the same time" E. but at the same time introducing some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants, having - Having introduces an incorrect cause-effect scenario, just as A
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2020-12-15 16:43:28
170452aahw
工业化和现代防治昆虫的方法提高了全球的生活水平，同时也带来了约10万种危险的化学污染物，这些污染物自50多年前研制出来以来几乎没有受到管制。 最后面那个半句是修饰chemical pollutants的，having必错 排除AE C 最后由于那个have修饰的是chemical pollutants而非Industrialization and modern methods 语意错了 排除 D 中间加了at the same time 修饰应该是越近越好 ； 而且 have improved 与introducing不平行
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2020-11-03 17:01:48
陈咩咩女士要加油
at the same time 修饰的内容也需要注意，是 at the same time introduce， 而非有化学污染 at the same time. CD排除
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2020-09-19 16:12:05
Karita
Wed May 14, 2008 3:25 am Industrialization and modern methods of insect control have improved the standard of living around the globe while at the same time they have introduced some 100,000 dangerous chemical pollutants, having gone virtually unregulated since they were developed more than 50 years ago. What is in side the two[b]s is the main clause or the most important idea - Industrialization and modern methods of insect control have improved the standard of living around the globe the rest are subordinate or secondary ideas or subordiante clauses so we need a suordinating marker ." while " can be used to express contrast between ideas and its also a subordinate marker( subordinate conjunctuion) what has gone unregulated for the past 50yrs ? > dangerous chemical pollutants .in the original " having gone........" suggests that Industrialization and mordern methods have gone unregulated - this is not what the writer wants to say so A is out . D,E are out because Dand E use but ( a coordinating conjunction) c is out because C uses ,and ( cordinating conjunction) This leaves only B B is coorect because 1.0 uses "while " a subordinating conjunction - to express the minor idea 2.0 uses that clause ( restrictive) to refer back to chemical pollutants
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2019-08-01 16:22:51
Karita
when you have a COMMA + -ING type modifier, the following two rules hold: * the modifier modifiers the entire preceding clause (i.e., the ACTION in that clause) * the SUBJECT of the preceding clause is taken to be the SUBJECT of the -ing participle. so, in this case, "having gone unregulated since they were developed..." refers to the industrial methods. this is an actual ERROR - an incorrect pronoun - since the chemicals were developed 50 years ago.
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2019-08-01 16:11:49
Karita回复Karita
By Ron
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2019-08-01 16:12:13
Commsnd
A和C第一眼应立即排出，因为while这段分句中不能用they，因为都是指 Industrialization and modern methods ，没必要重复主语，同时与后面未划线部分的they矛盾，两个they 指不一样的东西
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2019-03-09 04:14:38
嘉仓佑措回复Commsnd
后面同学听我句劝，解体要讲步骤，不要句子还没读完就把没有明显错误的排掉。同时每个选项的错误都要明明白白，不然考场每道题你都觉得很艰难。因为如果你发现可以几个单词就秒杀，你的verbal已经完蛋了
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2019-03-30 22:58:29
Lllllllla回复Commsnd
对的
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2019-11-09 11:58:24
leon小恶魔回复Commsnd
正解
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2020-01-19 09:25:39
Kath1230
注意前后平行 以及 doing修饰的是主句主语
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2019-01-30 01:11:28
Kath1230回复Kath1230
如果后面having就变成了修饰Industrialization and modern methods 所以要找到have修饰pollution的选项 while doing 用法正确，只不过前面加了at the same time, while at the same time doing 做伴随状语 如果用but doing就不对了 前后就不平行 因为前面是have improved
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2019-02-16 20:46:51
阿萌
Just becaue "have introduced" seems better than "introducing," we cannot conclude that the latter is provably incorrect. The real issue with this question is the modifier. The sentence is attempting to indicated that the chemical pollutants have gone unregulated since they were developed, a sentiment indicated clearly and correctly in answer choice B.
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2018-11-17 05:17:30
cloud9
请问while作与此同时的话，为什么不和at the same time重复呢？
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2018-08-16 15:45:42
29522185回复cloud9
同问啊，while doing不是就相当于at the same time
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2018-08-31 21:14:09
Bonivanee回复 29522185
while是关系的表达并不是与此同时的中文尬译，while可以表示关系不一致也可以表示关系一致，此处的while是表示关系不一致（前者提高生活质量后者带来化学污染物）。
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2018-09-01 16:27:52
嘉仓佑措回复cloud9
while 两种意思，这很明显表示的是“comtrast”，这的作者想说明“contrast”&&“simultaneity”
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2019-03-31 00:34:01
730以上
看来看去这题关于A的解释，网站选中的解释是最好的。就是因为逗号+ing的形式，导致修饰成份变成主句的状语，而不是pollutants名词的定语，所以错误。在这里，如果省略了逗号，这个选项ving修饰pollutants做定语就没有错了。
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2018-06-21 12:03:47
前来围观回复730以上
为何不能作they have introduced pollutants 的结果状语？
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2018-07-03 01:16:20
SherryG回复 前来围观
同问……而且表示转折的话，个人认为but比while更好，没有歧义
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2018-07-08 12:12:23
Bonivanee回复730以上
我觉得很奇怪为什么having是修饰主语...我觉得A是没有错误，但是对比B选项，B选项没有错误的同时代词使用更少，意思更加清晰。A里的having修饰从句中的pollutants（SVO,doing结构优先考虑修饰句子的O）。从句也是句子，为什么要跳到主句修饰主语？
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2018-09-01 16:32:08
默默
but是一定要对称的，但 while不那么严格对称
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2018-05-09 11:36:24
默默回复默默
they 无从指代
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2018-05-09 11:37:05
730以上回复默默
什么叫while不那么严格对称？ but前后结构要求对称；but是连词，后面是连接整个句子，必须要有完整的主谓。如果主语和前面句子的主语一直，可以省略。 While有两种用法，一种表示对比，表示对比的时候意思和whereas一致，要求while前后时态一致。 另外一种用法是与此同时，作此用法的时候，while后面省略主语，谓语动词用ing形式。 你可以自己随便写写，但是不要误导大家。如果你自己做笔记，你可以用“添加做题笔记”功能。你写得这么随性，真的好吗？！
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2018-06-21 11:59:54
( ¨̮ )回复默默
感谢
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2018-07-25 14:25:51
默默
注意非谓语修饰的逻辑主语
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2018-04-02 04:17:19
默默回复默默
这一题考修饰关系，定从和非谓语的区别
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2018-04-02 04:18:25
默默回复默默
DE是太不对称
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2018-05-09 11:25:52
CX
未划线部分的they指代pollutants，而C中的they指代methods。同样的they应该指代同一名词，所以out。
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2018-02-02 14:40:01
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