Many scholars have theorized that economic development, particularly industrialization and urbanization, contributes to the growth of participatory democracy. According to this theory, it would seem logical that women would both demand and gain suffrage in ever greater numbers whenever economic development expanded their economic opportunities. However, the economic development theory is inadequate to explain certain historical facts about the implementation of women' s suffrage. For example, why was women' s suffrage, instituted nationally in the United States in 1920, not instituted nationally in Switzerland until the 1970? Industrialization was well advanced in both countries by 1920: over 33 percent of American workers were employed in various industries, as compared to 44 percent of Swiss workers. Granted, Switzerland and the United States diverged in the degree to which the expansion of industry coincided with the degree of urbanization: only 29 percent of the Swiss population lived in cities of 10,000 or more inhabitants by 1920. However, urbanization cannot fully explain women' s suffrage. Within the United States prior to 1920, for example, only less urbanized states had granted women suffrage. Similarly, less urbanized countries such as Cambodia and Ghana had voting rights for women long before Switzerland did. It is true that Switzerland's urbanized cantons (political subdivisions) generally enacted women' s suffrage legislation earlier than did rural cantons.
However, these cantons often shared other characteristics—similar linguistic backgrounds and strong leftist parties—that may help to explain this phenomenon.
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1. Many scholars have theorized that economic development,（ industrialization and
Urbanization）--- contributes to the growth of participatory democracy; according to this theory..
1. 学者提出经济发展理论促进民族参与性。根据这个理论...
(1)it would seem logical ---women demand and gain suffrage---whenever economic development expanded their economic opportunities.
(1)女人要求获得选举权很合理
2.However, the economic development theory--- is inadequate to explain certain historical facts about the implementation of women's suffrage.
2. 经济发展理论不足以解释女人选举权实现
(1)For example, why was women's suffrage, instituted nationally in the United States in 1920, not instituted nationally in Switzerland until the 1970? Industrialization was well advanced in both countries by 1920: over 33 percent of American workers were employed in various industries, as compared to 44 percent of Swiss workers.
(1) 1920 SW US都完成了工业化，只有US1920实现了选举权，而SW是1970年才实现的。（工业化表现：33% US, 44%SW）
(2) Granted, Switzerland and the United States diverged in the degree to which the
expansion of industry coincided with the degree of urbanization: only 29 percent of the Swiss
population lived in cities of 10,000 or more inhabitants by 1920.
(2)SW US工业化和城市化结合程度上相背离（城市化表现：only 29% SW居住在城市)
3.However, urbanization cannot fully explain women's suffrage.
3. 城市化也不足以解释女人选举权实现
(1)Within the United States prior to 1920, for example, only less urbanized states had granted women suffrage.
(1) 1920年以前的美国：只有城市化极低的州赋予女人选举权。
(2)Similarly, less urbanized countries such as Cambodia and Ghana had voting rights for women long before Switzerland did.
(2)城市化低的国家也比瑞士更早颁布选举权合法化。
(3) It is true that Switzerland's urbanized cantons (political subdivisions) generally enacted women's suffrage legislation earlier than did rural cantons.
(3) 确实SW 城市化的州比乡村的州颁布选举权更早
(4) However, these cantons often shared other characteristics— similar linguistic backgrounds
and strong leftist parties—that may help to explain this phenomenon.
(4)城市化的州分享了其他的特点，帮助解释了这个现象
1.The primary purpose of the passage is to
主旨题：本文就是在讨论经济理论的适用性
A.contrast two explanations 未提
B. demonstrate that one factor contributes more than another factor 文未提
C. discuss the applicability of a theory for explaining the implementation of women's
suffrage
D. clarify certain assumptions未提
E. explain how a particular historical occurrence文未提
本文给出一个观点 本来这个观点应该足够解释 但是不足够 需要进行补充 而对其进行补充 围绕着这一个主线而展开 主旨题 根据作者态度 动词 和topic判断 首先看其动词 文章并没有clerify什么 所以先排除D 然后看其topic A two explanations 文章并没有给两个explain 所以排除 B one factor contributes more than another factor to the implementation of women' s suffrage 无提及 排除 Cdiscuss the applicability of a theory for explaining the implementation of women' s suffrage 可行性 保留 E how a particular historical occurrence was causally 文章不是说这个历史的事件 不是讲历史的 排除
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2017-11-07 12:29:16
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