Quantum theory, although of tremendous scientific value, has nevertheless prompted debate among physicists. The debate arose because quantum theory addresses the peculiar properties of minute objects such as photons and electrons. While one type of experiment shows that these objects behave like particles, with well-defined trajectories through space, another demonstrates that, on the contrary, they behave waves, their peaks and troughs producing characteristic "interference" effects. However, scientists have failed to devise an experiment to demonstrate both behaviors simultaneously.
In the 1920s, two alternate interpretations of quantum theory attempted to resolve this apparently contradictory wave-particle duality. Physicist Niels Bohr argued that wave-particle properties are not contradictory, but complementary. Contrary to our intuition that an object continues to exist in some determined form even though we cannot perceive it, he concluded that the physical of a quantum object is actually undetermined before the object is observed via experiment.
Physicist Werner Heisenberg's "uncertainty principle," by contrast, postulated that we cannot precisely determine two complementary properties, such as position and momentum, of a quantum object simultaneously: if we measure an object's position with absolute certainty, then there is an infinite uncertainty in its momentum, and vice versa. He concluded that although we are limited in our ability to measure objects at the atomic and subatomic levels, their position and momentum are nonetheless defined all along.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously undermine Bohr's conclusion about the physical reality of a quantum object?
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文章结构：
点明主旨：Quantum theory的争论
1 争论的原因
2 关于争论的不同观点
3对于不同的观点的评价
4 为了解决争论，有2个不同的观点
定位第二段，因果逻辑题，削弱果，从得到的原因入手。
A. The physical properties of particles and waves are inherently complementary. 原文细节，题干逻辑相反
B. Human intuition is not a factor in the interpretation of scientific data about quantum objects.
无涉及
C. Results of experiments on quantum objects are sometimes influenced by the expectations of the experimenters. 无涉及
D. The technology used in research on quantum objects has made tremendous advances since the 1920. 无涉及
E. Quantum objects possess distinct, continuously existing physical forms that do not depend on
the experiments used to measure them.
定位.he concluded that the physical of a quantum object is actually undetermined before the object is observed via experiment.物理状态在实验之前未被决定，故不同实验有不同状态。选项E.Quantum objects possess distinct, continuously existing physical forms that do not depend on the experiments used to measure them.说明物理状态不为实验方式而转移，即实验之前已经决定。削弱了他的结论。
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2019-09-11 11:35:53
像这样的题型可以当作逻辑题来做 反而正确率会有所提升 即找出因和果的核心逻辑链 来判断
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2017-11-08 17:02:25
问题 UNDERMINE B的点
定位于第二段
Physicist Niels Bohr argued that wave-particle properties are not contradictory, but complementary. Contrary to our intuition that an object continues to exist in some determined form even though we cannot perceive it, he concluded that the physical of a quantum object is actually undetermined before the object is observed via experiment.
实际上O不存在 当我们感知不到 然后 QO在实验中 未被观察之前就被破坏了 任何选项反对这两点都是正确
A是加强了原文
B human intuition虽然是说了 但是却不是文章主要的原因和结论 可以暂时保留
C influenced by the expectations of the experimenters. 未提及 无关
D technology used in research on quantum objects has made tremendous advances since the 1920s. 未提及 无关
Econtinuously existing physical forms that do not depend on the experiments used to measure them. 和结论的即 QO在实验中 未被观察之前就被破坏了 恰好相反 可以推出里结论为错误
所以BE选E舍B
本题的关键在于读懂其句子要表达的意思
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2017-11-08 16:53:54
问题 UNDERMINE B的点 定位于第二段 Physicist Niels Bohr argued that wave-particle properties are not contradictory, but complementary. Contrary to our intuition that an object continues to exist in some determined form even though we cannot perceive it, he concluded that the physical of a quantum object is actually undetermined before the object is observed via experiment. 实际上O不存在 当我们感知不到 然后 QO在实验中 未被观察之前就被破坏了 任何选项反对这两点都是正确 A是加强了原文 B human intuition虽然是说了 但是却不是文章主要的原因和结论 可以暂时保留 C influenced by the expectations of the experimenters. 未提及 无关 D technology used in research on quantum objects has made tremendous advances since the 1920s. 未提及 无关 Econtinuously existing physical forms that do not depend on the experiments used to measure them. 和结论的即 QO在实验中 未被观察之前就被破坏了 恰好相反 可以推出里结论为错误 所以BE选E舍B 本题的关键在于读懂其句子要表达的意思
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2017-11-08 16:53:43
nmbdy回复nmbdy
Contrary to our intuition that an object continues to exist in some determined form even though we cannot perceive it, 表示B和我们的instuition相反 所以选项B错误 实际上是加强
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2017-11-08 17:00:03
nmbdy回复 nmbdy
所以本题应该直接定位于 the physical of a quantum object is actually undetermined before the object is observed via experiment. 凡是讲到这个 能起削弱作用则对
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2017-11-08 17:01:10
Contrary to our intuition that an object continues to exist in some determined form even though we cannot perceive it, he concluded that the physical of a quantum object is actually undetermined before the object is observed via experiment. 前面半段可以用来削弱，后半段的意思应该是量子物质的物理形态是在实验发现物质之前被决定的，也就是说量子的形态和实验种类有关
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2017-04-13 11:02:41
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