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In Forces of Production, David Noble examines the transformation of the machine-tool industry as the industry moved from reliance on skilled artisans to automation. Noble writes from a Marxist perspective, and his central argument is that management, in its decisions to automate, conspired against labor: the power that the skilled machinists wielded in the industry was intolerable to management. Noble fails to substantiate this claim, although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling" -- the use of technology to replace skilled labor -- to the automation of the machine-tool industry. In automating, the industry moved to computer-based, digitalized "numerical control" (N/C) technology, rather than to artisan generated "record-playback" (R/P) technology.Although both systems reduced reliance on skilled labor, Noble clearly prefers R/P, with its inherent acknowledgment of workers` skills: unlike N/C, its programs were produced not by engineers at their computers, but by skilled machinists, who recorded their own movements to "teach" machines to duplicate those movements. However, Noble's only evidence of conspiracy is that, although the two approaches were roughly equal in technical merit, management chose N/C. From this he concludes that automation is undertaken not because efficiency demands it or scientific advances allow it. but because it is a tool in the ceaseless war of capitalists against labor.
The passage suggests which of the following about N/C automation in the machine-tool industry?
Noble clearly prefers R/P, with its inherent acknowledgment of workers` skills: unlike N/C, its programs were produced not by engineers at their computers, 可以定位到这句话,是同义改写
Noble clearly prefers R/P, with its inherent acknowledgment of workers` skills: unlike N/C, its programs were produced not by engineers at their computers, but by skilled machinists....... 冒号后面的内容是修饰冒号前面的内容的---unlike N/C只是插入语---后面的内容都是修饰R/P
UNLIKE N/C N/C后面的内容是在讲R/P
A明明是 It displaced fewer skilled workers than R/P automation did,题目都错了
本题关键词N/C 定位于出现的地方 第一段和第二段 第二段更为细节 Noble clearly prefers R/P, with its inherent acknowledgment of workers’ skills: unlike N/C, its programs were produced not byengineers at their computers, but by skilled machinists, who recorded their own movements to “teach" machines to duplicate those movements 注意比较 Unlike N/C, its这里是指代R/P 所以N/C和后面的内容恰好相反 A 层次/文章未提及 B NC是by engineer 与原文不符 C 相符 D 层次/文章未提及 E 层次未提及
原文中Noble clearly prefers R/P,...unlike N/C, its programs were produced not by engineers at their computers, but by skilled machinists.... 说明R/P is produced by skilled machinists,跟N/C想法;所以N/C is NOT produced by skilled machinist, 【C】符合
原文中Noble clearly prefers R/P,...unlike N/C, its programs were produced not by engineers at their computers, but by skilled machinists.... 说明R/P is produced by skilled machinists,跟N/C想法;所以N/C is NOT produced by skilled machinist, 【C】符合
mechanist只需要编好程序,剩下的事情由机器完成。所以mechanist不需要积极参与自动化生产。
zhuwanshu回复lxystar1
编程序的是工程师不是技工
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2018-03-12 09:43:59
逻辑简图: 第一段:DN的观点:管理与劳动力有冲突--指出DN的问题 第二段:DN支持R/P--指出DN只有唯一的证据,且说明他对managers会选择N/C的解释 A. It displaced fewer skilled workers than automation did.(未提及) B. It could have been implemented either by experienced machinists or by computer engineers.(与原文不符) C. It was designed without the active involvement of skilled machinists. D. It was more difficult to design than automation was.(未提及) E. It was technically superior to automation.(未提及) 推理题:定位到第二段第一层。
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